Which of the following describes a between-subjects design?

A between-subjects design involves assigning different participants to each level of the independent variable. By having each participant experience only one level of the independent variable, it ensures that their responses are independent of one another. This method is utilized to prevent the potential carryover effects that could occur if the same participants were to engage with multiple levels, which is characteristic of a within-subjects design.

This design allows researchers to draw clearer conclusions about the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable, as variations in the responses can more likely be attributed to the treatment rather than the individual differences between participants or the influence of previous experiences. In contrast, a within-subjects design would have each participant experiencing all levels, which can introduce confounding variables related to fatigue or practice effects.